#Kubernetes #Helm #DevOps

Helm

Helm is the best way to find, share, and use software built for Kubernetes. It helps you manage Kubernetes applications and helps you define, install, and upgrade even the most complex Kubernetes application.

Helm is a graduated project in the CNCF and is maintained by the Helm community.

What is a helm chart?

a Helm chart is a powerful tool that simplifies the deployment, management, and sharing of applications on Kubernetes by packaging all necessary resources and configurations into a single, reusable unit.

In other words, a Helm chart is a package that contains all the necessary information and resources to deploy an application or service onto a Kubernetes cluster. It includes a collection of files that describe a related set of Kubernetes resources.

Charts are easy to create, version, share, and publish — so start using Helm and stop the copy-and-paste.

How to install helm

https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/

Example Structure of a Helm Chart

mychart/
  Chart.yaml        # Chart metadata
  values.yaml       # Default configuration values
  charts/           # Dependency charts (optional)
  templates/        # Templates for Kubernetes resources
    deployment.yaml
    service.yaml
    ...
  README.md         # Documentation (optional)

Components and functionality of a Helm chart:

  1. Chart.yaml: This file contains metadata about the chart, including the name, version, description, and any dependencies on other charts.

  2. Values.yaml: This file defines the default configuration values for the chart. Users can override these values when they install or upgrade a chart to customize the deployment.

  3. Templates: This directory contains a set of templates that generate Kubernetes manifest files. The templates use Go templating syntax and can include variables that are defined in Values.yaml or provided by the user at installation time.

  4. Charts: This directory (optional) can contain dependencies, which are other charts that this chart depends on.

  5. Files: Additional files can be included in the chart for reference, such as README.md or any other documentation.

How Helm Charts Work

  • Packaging: Helm charts are packaged into .tgz (tarball) files, which can be distributed and shared.
  • Installation: When you install a chart using the helm install command, Helm takes the templates, substitutes any values, and generates Kubernetes manifests that are then applied to the Kubernetes cluster.
  • Customization: Users can provide their own configuration values via the --values or --set flags to customize the deployment without modifying the chart’s source code.
  • Versioning: Charts can be versioned, allowing for consistent deployments and the ability to roll back to previous versions if necessary.

What are the benefits of using Helm Charts?

  • Reusability: Helm charts encapsulate Kubernetes resources into reusable packages, making it easy to share and reuse configurations across different environments.
  • Simplified Management: Helm abstracts the complexity of Kubernetes configurations, making it easier to manage and deploy applications.
  • Dependency Management: Helm manages dependencies between different charts, ensuring that all required services are deployed in the correct order.
  • Version Control: Helm charts support versioning, which helps in tracking changes and rolling back to previous versions when needed.
  • Customization: The ability to override default values allows users to customize deployments without altering the original chart.

Common Helm commands

  1. helm repo add <repo-name> <repo-url>

    • Adds a Helm chart repository to your local Helm client.
    • Example: helm repo add stable https://charts.helm.sh/stable

  2. helm repo update

    • Updates the local cache of the Helm chart repositories.
    • Example: helm repo update

  3. helm search repo <keyword>

    • Searches for charts in the added repositories that match the given keyword.
    • Example: helm search repo nginx

  4. helm install <release-name> <chart> [flags]

    • Installs a Helm chart to create a new release.
    • Example: helm install my-nginx stable/nginx-ingress

  5. helm upgrade <release-name> <chart> [flags]

    • Upgrades an existing release to a new version of the chart.
    • Example: helm upgrade my-nginx stable/nginx-ingress

  6. helm uninstall <release-name> [flags]

    • Uninstalls a release from the Kubernetes cluster.
    • Example: helm uninstall my-nginx

  7. helm list [flags]

    • Lists all releases in the current namespace.
    • Example: helm list

  8. helm status <release-name>

    • Displays the status of the specified release.
    • Example: helm status my-nginx

  9. helm rollback <release-name> <revision>

    • Rolls back a release to a specific revision.
    • Example: helm rollback my-nginx 1

  10. helm template <chart> [flags]

    • Generates Kubernetes manifest files from a Helm chart without actually installing the chart.
    • Example: helm template stable/nginx-ingress

  11. helm show values <chart>

    • Displays the default values for a Helm chart.
    • Example: helm show values stable/nginx-ingress

  12. helm get all <release-name>

    • Retrieves all information about a specific release, including values, hooks, and manifest files.
    • Example: helm get all my-nginx

  13. helm package <chart-path> [flags]

    • Packages a Helm chart directory into a .tgz (tarball) file.
    • Example: helm package ./mychart

  14. helm lint <chart>

    • Runs a series of tests to ensure that a chart follows best practices.
    • Example: helm lint ./mychart

  15. helm test <release-name> [flags]

    • Runs tests for a release to validate its deployment.
    • Example: helm test my-nginx

  16. helm dependency update [flags]

    • Updates the dependencies for a chart based on the Chart.yaml file.
    • Example: helm dependency update ./mychart

  17. helm pull <chart> [flags]

    • Downloads a chart from a repository and (optionally) decompresses it.
    • Example: helm pull stable/nginx-ingress

  18. helm repo list

    • Lists all the repositories that have been added.
    • Example: helm repo list

These commands cover the most common tasks you’ll perform with Helm, from managing repositories and searching for charts to installing, upgrading, and maintaining releases. Check out the official documentation page to learn more about Helm.

Good luck!

Links :

202405161033

https://helm.sh/

https://helm.sh/docs/